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Management is more than a century old discipline that has evolved in the form of organizational theories and management thoughts. Principles of management based on teachings of Islam have proved themselves successful in the shiny history of sīrah and pious caliphs. This study proposes an Islamic perspective of management and leadership thinking that is tied to the conventional theory of management. It is intended to integrate the approach of current system with the Islamic perspective of management and leadership with the focus on human-resource-development aspects of the prophetic leadership. The article purposes a management model namely the Prophetic Leadership Model (PLM) discussing the key management activity mentioned in the Qur’ān namely shūrā (consultation). The study elaborates the significance of: the understanding of the Qur’ān and the Sunnah, having a growth mind-set and a working knowledge of the systems school of management theory, besides conventional leadership skills, in effectively adapting the PLM. The model is validated by using events from the life of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and is shown, with the help of a case study, to be applicable in current management practices provided all the necessary leadership characteristics are developed through training and development programs

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Islamic Perspective, Leadership, Shūrā, Management Theory

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Bahīra’s meeting with Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, during his childhood journey to Syria, has remained a hot-button debate not only in Orientalist scholarship but among Muslim Sīrah writers also. There is a deep-sighted division of opinions between the traditional Muslim Sīrah writers, who stick to the roots of this incident, and modern Muslim Sīrah writers, who, seemingly being under the influence of modern scientific and rationalistic approaches, present an outward new trend in Sīrah writing which they deem acceptable to both the Orientalists and rationalistic Muslims. If Orientalists have manipulated this incident according to their own bias, some Muslim Sīrah writers, besides refuting the erroneous claims of orientalists, have themselves doubted the authenticity of this incident. Keeping all this scholarly provocative and engaging incident to the fore, the present paper attempts to inquire into the incident with reference to the primary sources, highlighting the Modern Muslim Scholars’ approach. A critical investigation will be attempted, within the parameters of the sciences of Sīrah and Maghāzi, to explore the authenticity of this Incident. The study methodology will be of a qualitative type based on a thorough comparative content-analysis of the concerned works of Muslim scholarship to draw an argumentative and all-inclusive conclusion.

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Bahīra, Caravan, Modern, Sīrah, Maghāzi, Mursal.

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Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) is the last prophet and the book revealed to him, the Quran, is the last book for all mankind which initiated the need for a language policy to translate out the message of Allah and His prophet to the outer world. Although the Prophet (peace be upon him) received in his lifetime a number of Arab and non-Arab delegations. To prove the universality of his prophesy and God’s book, he sent letters to the rulers of the time which according to Dr. Hameedullah were three hundred in number including the governor of Sindh. The Prophetic order to learn languages set the state policy for language learning and in consequence the translation of the sacred messages. It clearly shows the linguistic and translation vision of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). The study explores this hidden aspect of sīrah in the light of plethora of ḥadith literature.

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Languages, Learning, Arab Delegations, Dr Hameedullah.

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Islam and Christianity have had a chequered relationship with each other through the centuries. Many efforts have been made since and great work has been produced to bring the two communities to a common ground and help build a prosperous, harmonious and pluralistic society in the true spirit of the teachings of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) who advocated peaceful coexistence and mutual understanding between the communities. His desire for peace and abhorrence of war translated into a number of covenants He offered to Christian community. These documents provide a workable infrastructure for establishing peaceful coexistence and religious pluralism around the globe. This paper draws our attention to the fact that need for building such a commendable relationship between the two large communities of the world was perhaps never more acutely needed today than before. The study uses historical and descriptive research to highlight the importance of the Prophet’s covenants for establishing universal brotherhood between communities in general and building bridges between Muslims and Christians in Pakistan in particular with the help of the Prophet’s pluralistic approach as reflected in His covenants.

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Muslim-Christian, Pluralistic Unity, Civil Rights, Covenants of Prophet Muhammad, Aḥl-ul-Kitab.

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Cleanliness is the essence of decor and indispensable for the personality. Purity has foremost significance in Islam. As no virtue is acceptable without believing in Oneness of Allah, similarly, no worship is permissible without purity. The scholars of Ḥadīth and Fiqh got some contradictions about the purity of excrement of the Last Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. The Majority of scholars narrated the distinction of the Prophet ﷺ and declared his excreta (fuḍḍlāt) as pure. While some other scholars disagree with this distinction. The Prophet ﷺ is the best of human beings and a role model for the entire humanity. It is obvious that the person who is too much conscious of his cleanliness and purity, how he can give controversial teachings that are against the succession of human. The article deals with the topic with renowned scholars’ discussions about the authenticity of narrators of narrations belonging to this subject. Islamic golden rules about purification are authentic and ever valid. And there is not any contradiction on the behalf of such narrations. The article concludes itself with a fair conclusion based on the respective authentic narrations.

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Purity, Excreta (fuḍḍlāt), Authenticity of Narrators, Body Waste.

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Environmental pollution is considered as one of the major threats to both earth and humanity. People are familiar and concerned with some common types of pollution. However, they are neglectful about some types of pollution and do not care about them. Noise pollution is one of the types of pollution which needs more attention as people neglect it the most. In the modern era, noise pollution has significantly raised, especially in metropolitan cities. This research concentrates on the remedial measures guided by the Prophet, (peace be upon him) to bring down or deflect the noise pollution. The article does not only discusses the Prophetic traits, but also reveal the disadvantages and harms of noise pollution. Conclusively, with various arguments, it is claimed that the guidelines from Prophet’s sīrah seems the profound remedial measure to minimize noise pollution of the world.

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Noise Pollution, Sīrah of the Prophet ﷺ, Environmental Pollution, Muslim countries.

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The comprehension of the ḥadith helps discover several theoretical precepts and principles of Islamic spiritual reforms that shapes a Muslim’s life. Narrations recounted in Aḥadith deal with various spiritual, moral and religious concerns. Regardless of era, basic societal issues stand similar and Prophetic narrations serve as a remedial measure of these matters. This paper assesses the stance of the ḥadith on spiritual intelligence and societal traditions. Besides, the research draws on a few examples that effectively underline the outlook of ḥadith on the topic of spiritual and ethical reforms. The paper concludes that ethical and spiritual intelligence and reforms developed in agreement with an Islamic frame can bring a positive reform in society.

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Ethical Reforms, Spiritual Intelligence, Prophetic Narrations, Islamic Frame.

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Economic prosperity has cardinal importance in a society. Prophet practiced fair and lucrative trade in Makkah which outlined the principles of economics and trade that resulted in the expansion of trade to international level and spreading Islam around the globe. Subsequently, various malpractices of Muslim traders brought the economics of the Muslim Ummah at risk. This article is an endeavor to draw the attention of Muslim traders and businessmen towards the economic decline of Muslim nations. Initially, the article highlights the moral decline in trade and subsequently, an attempt is made to present its solution in the light of Prophetic Sīrah. The article concludes the primary cause of economic unsuccessfulness as the absence of the values and principles guided by the Prophet. To bring about economic prosperity again, we need the practicality of the traits guided by the Prophetic Sīrah. There are some recommendations for the reformation of entrepreneurship which can bring transformation in Pakistani society on many levels (ways) leading to social harmony.

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Business, Trade, Ethics, Economic Sector, Sīrah al Nabi.

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Prophet of Mercy, Muhammad (peace be upon him) always supported deprived, underprivileged and helpless people. He preferred to help and uplift the oppressed people of the society. His support was not confined to his blood relatives only. He used to support orphans, non-Muslims and slaves all alike, providing them with all kinds of support and protective measures. The recent Covid-19 pandemic infected millions of people all over the world. Many countries imposed strict lockdown to stop spreading the virus which halted the economic activities and resulted in the financial crisis in the society. In this critical situation, people need extra financial support from influential members of society. This article elaborates the supportive and protective attitude of the Prophet (peace be upon him) towards needy people. Multiple examples from Sīrah are quoted and arguments are made on the basis of the practice of the Prophet (peace be upon him). The study concludes that it is a responsibility of influential people to support and stand by those who are in need. This practice will help society flourish and establish a loving bondage between rich and poor for mutual harmony and cordial social behaviour among themselves.

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The migration to Madinah is undoubtedly a revolutionary incident in the history of Islam. The stubborn and inflexible attitude of Meccans, their atrocities against the Muslims and the unending hurdles in the preaching of Islam were the major causes of this migration. Orientalists have penned mostly on the history of Islam with their interests and objectives. At one side, they describe the Islamic history, but more often they raise such discussions which contradict the basic conceptions of Islam. Likewise, about migration to Madinah, Orientalists have included some theories such as the real cause of this migration that need to be addressed such as, they referred that the migration to Madinah served as a great opportunity to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) for gaining political power and making his followers economically strong and that Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was invited to Madinah only as an arbitrator and not as a Prophet. In this article, an attempt has been made to point out the fallacies of such orientalist assumptions and theories. The article presents the point of view of the Orientalists and discusses with strong arguments subsequently to falsify their misconceptions. The research is a masterpiece for all those who have an interest in Sīrah and love reading rational reasoning on the sacredness of Islam.

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Madinah, Orientalists, Glorious, Role Model, Sīrah, Meccans.

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Umm-ul-Mu'minīn Syeda Ayesha Ṣiddiqua (may Allah be pleased with her) is prominent amongst all the female companions in terms of her intellectual and scholarly status. Apart from being a frequent reporter, she was also a leading disseminator of the Prophet’s attributes (shamāil). There are numerous aspects of shamāil-e-Nabavi that have been passed on to Ummah only through her. This article is based on the research study of her services in communicating the physical features of the Prophet (peace be upon him) to the community. The paper deals with the exquisite description of the Prophet’s complexion, his hair, the fair and brightened face, beautiful smile, miraculous eyes and ears. It further goes on in the sketch of his neck, hands and feet. Along with the physical characteristics of the Prophet (peace be upon him), the researcher also elaborates the pace, fragrance of his body and likewise distinct features of the final prophet (peace be upon him). This discussion is not only a refresher for the faith that revives the love and reverence of the Prophet (peace be upon him) but also reaffirms the distinguished knowledge and excellence of Syeda Ayesha. Particularly in the elaboration of physical features of the Prophet (peace be upon him) to the students of ḥadīth and sīrah.

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Syeda Ayesha, Beautiful Smile, Final Prophet, Multi-Cultural, Pluralistic Society.

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Water scarcity is one of the major problems of our time. The basic concept of measures for the conservation of water resources at the state level is found in the biography of the Holy Prophet. When the Prophet ﷺ migrated to Madinah, there was a severe shortage of water resources. The Prophet ﷺ devised a solid strategy to solve the problem of water scarcity. This study will show us how important it is to protect these resources from an Islamic point of view and what good deeds the Prophet ﷺ has left for us in this regard. This discussion offers solutions to three questions related to this topic. What were the water resources in Madinah? What steps did the Prophet ﷺ take for the planning and conservation of water resources? How can these measures be used today?

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Conservation of Water, conservation of water in the Prophetic Era, Conservation of Water Resources an Islamic point of view.

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Among the countless blessings of Allah, good health is the greatest of all. Allah, the Most Exalted, also made it imperative for a man to take good care of it. The Qur‘ān and Aḥadith of the Prophet (peace be upon him) guide substantially about the remedial measures for humans. One of the distinct blessings of the Prophet (peace be upon him) is ‘Ṭibb-e-Nabawi’– The Prophetic medication. This article elaborates subject of ‘Ṭibb-e-Nabawi’ explicitly. The article deals with the multiple terminologies, methodologies and implementation of ‘Ṭibb-e-Nabawi’ in our daily life. The researcher presented a brief description of various medications before the discourse on Prophetic medicine. In this way, the superiority of the Prophetic medication is fairly highlighted. Moreover, the need for learning and implementation of ‘Ṭibb-e-Nabawi’ in the present era is very well explained. The article includes thorough research on the authentic sayings of the Prophet (peace be upon him) on various diseases. In addition, a notable discussion is also presented on definitions of the different respective terminologies related to the medications by the Prophet (peace be upon him) and its limitations. Te distinct aspect of the research is the description of various methodologies adopted and taught by the Prophet (peace be upon him). The researcher made a good conclusion with a list of outcomes from the study about Prophetic medications, including basic precepts, limitations, and suggestions for those who want to use ‘Ṭibb-e-Nabawi’.The article is a research on ‘Ṭibbe-Nabawi’ and a guide for all those interested in learning ‘Ṭibb-e-Nabawi.’

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Health, Ṭibb-e-Nabawi, Prophetic Medicine, Authentic Sayings.

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Poverty is a problem for every country in the world, specifically the poverty rate is very high. Many countries are trying to reduce the poverty. Economic justice plays a significant role in establishing a healthy and peaceful society. To develop such a system, Islam has set specific standards based on justice. This paper aims to highlight the modes and techniques through which the poverty rate can be reduced in light of the teachings of the Prophet (peace be upon him). The paper has focused on the economic teachings of the Prophet (peace be upon him) at different levels i.e., individual, society and government. The article has also highlighted the business models which can be started at micro level. The paper concluded that steps may be taken at both individual and government level to reduce the poverty rate in Muslim countries. This paper recommended that the Muslim Ummah should follow the teaching of the Prophet (peace be upon him) to economic growth and equitable distribution of wealth.

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Poverty, Islamic Modes of financing, Microfinance, Economic Justice.

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Islam - the religion of peace and coherence is a guidance and mercy to mankind. All beliefs and practices in Islam were explained and guided by the Prophet (peace be upon him). There are numerous instances in the life of the Prophet (peace be upon him) which guide us to understand the prophetic approach and methodology towards understanding the doctrines of Islam. This clause deals with the prophetic messages extracted from his discourses, dialogues and interactions with individuals and groups. The research focuses on the prophetic approach and methodology towards answering questions related to faith and creed. The paper includes principles of Islam related to the rights of Allah, and the rights of human beings with the guidance of the Prophet (peace be upon him) related to faith and doctrines of Islam discussed in the agreed-upon Aḥadith in Bukhari and Muslim. Conclusively, it is stated that dialogues of the Prophet (peace be upon him) are full of lessons in describing the doctrines of Islam in today’s world.

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Da’wah, Prophetic Dialogues, Faith, Aḥadith, Bukhari.

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The human society consists of two main pillars; male and female. A woman can play a vital roleBiography of the Prophet ﷺ in Urdu Verse- 1947-2020 in a society if only she is brought up with care, love and justice. Islam does not only address the significance of upbringing of daughters, but also defines her role in a society. This research is aimed to identify the fundamentals of the prophetic practice and guidance regarding upbringing girls before and after marriage. The article comprehensively discusses the importance of grooming daughters along with some fundamental principles regarding raising girls. Moreover, the article addresses the solution of the issues come across while upbringing of their daughters, including social, cultural and moral problems. The article applies descriptive and applied method for the research. The research brings a viewpoint that marriage – a Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) has a distinct significance in a Muslim society and raising a female baby needs a higher level of attention. Various findings and recommendations are presented very precisely in the conclusion.

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Prophetic Approach, Upbringing, Daughters, Marriage, Muslim Society.

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The Prophet's eulogy is one of the most subtle and well-known genres in poetry as it provides myriad challenges to the poet and reciter due to its sacredness and people's sensitivity over the issue. Staunch lovers of Prophet (peace be upon him) render these poetic expressions with devout enthusiasm. There is no place and no language on the earth, which remained unblessed with the scent of reciting eulogistic poetry (المديح النبوي). In this perspective, geologically Spain and Pakistan, linguistically Arabic and Urdu are blessed unlimited in the art of reciting eulogistic poetry and features of the Prophet's eulogy. This research paper mainly deals with the appraisal of reciting eulogistic poetry (المديح النبوي). The paper follows a relative analysis of above-mentioned two kinds of literature (Arabic & Urdu) and looks into comparable features of the Prophet's biography and eulogistic themes. Substantial poetic expressions are presented with multiple dimensions of Prophet’s eulogy to bring a thorough comprehension of eulogistic themes in Arabic and Urdu. Some valuable suggestions are also put forward at the end of the article. The impacts of this genre are manifold and it is, no doubt, the best way of increasing love and reverence for the Prophet (peace be upon him)and humbleness in the society.

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Prophet's Eulogy, Andalusian, Urdu Literature, Comparable Features.